Explanation of main features of superconducting windings training by balance of acting and permissible disturbances

Training of superconducting windings is considered by comparison of energies of acting disturbances mainly due to Lorentz forces and maximum permissible (critical) energies. Each quench can be interpreted as an intersection point of the curves of acting and critical energies vs. operating current. The transformation of the former curve in the course of consequent quenches changes the point of intersection and hence the operating current. With this model all main features of training behavior can be qualitatively explained. Critical energies depend on conductor properties and on cooling conditions. They can be either computed or experimentally determined for any disturbance type. The quantitative determination of the current dependence of acting disturbance energies is a much more complex problem. However, the dependence can be deduced from the results of model winding tests.<>