Calibration of a Network Analyzer Without a Thru Connection for Nonlinear and Multiport Measurements

This paper presents the derivation of the novel calibration procedure without thru using the one-port calibration standards short, open, match, a comb generator, and a power sensor at each port. The necessary architecture presented of a modified network analyzer to measure a multiport and nonlinear S -parameter is quite simple. This novel procedure without thru allows to measure nonreciprocal transfer functions without any reciprocal two-port or multiport calibration standard. Measurement results exemplify the very good quality of the novel calibration procedure for linear and nonlinear measurements under real-life conditions.