Magnetism and the Rare-Earth Metals

After a brief outline of the history of the discovery and separation of the rare-earth elements, the modern theory of paramagnetism is summarized, and its application to these metals is discussed, with particular attention paid to the way in which deviations from the simple laws of paramagnetism at low temperatures can yield information on the types of magnetic interaction which exist in them. The present state of experimental knowledge about the rare-earth metals is described, and its interpretation for each element is discussed.