پديد آورندگان :
Zahrasadat، Manzari Department of Medical-Surgical - School of Nursing and Midwifery - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Elham، Shahraki Moghaddam School of Nursing and Midwifery - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Fatemeh، Heshmati Nabavi Department of Mental Health and Management - School of Nursing and Midwifery - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Reza، Mazlom Department of Medical-Surgical - School of Nursing and Midwifery - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Ebrahim، Khaleghi Organ transplant center of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences - Montaserieh Hospital
چكيده فارسي :
اهداف: شرايط متغير وضعيت باليني بيماران در بخشهاي مراقبت ويژه، مستلزم آن است كه پرستاران تصميمگيرندگان باكفايتي باشند. بيمار استاندارد شده از روشهاي آموزشي نوين است كه ميتواند باعث توسعه تصميمگيري باليني شود. لذا اين مطالعه با هدف تعيين تأثير برنامه آموزشي مبتني بر بيمار استاندارد شده بر مهارت تصميمگيري باليني پرستاران بخش مراقبت ويژه انجام گرديد. روشها: در اين مطالعه تجربي با روش پيشآزمون-پسآزمون٬ بيمارستان هاي شهيد كامياب و امام رضا (ع) شهر مشهد به صورت تصادفي در يكي از گروههاي آموزش با بيمار استاندارد و كنترل قرار داده شدند. سپس به روش نمونه گيري تصادفي 58 پرستار آيسييو انتخاب گرديدند. در هر دو گروه قبل و 45 روز بعد از مداخله پرسشنامه تصميمگيري باليني تكميل گرديد. دادهها با استفاده از آزمون هاي آماري تي مستقل، تي زوجي، كاي اسكوئر، من ويتني و ويلكاكسون تجزيه و تحليل گرديد. يافتهها: قبل از مداخله ميانگين نمره مرحله اول (666/0=p)، مرحله دوم (587/0p=) و مرحله سوم تصميمگيري باليني (747/0=P) در دو گروه اختلاف آماري معني داري نداشت؛ اما پس از اجراي مداخله در ميانگين نمره مرحله اول (001/0>P)، مرحله دوم (001/0>P) و مرحله سوم (001/0>P) تصميم گيري باليني در هر دو گروه اختلاف آماري معني داري مشاهده شد. در تفاوت ميانگين نمرات پسآزمون با پيشآزمون در گروه مداخله نسبت به گروه كنترل اختلاف آماري معني داري مشاهده شد (001/0>P). نتيجهگيري: نتايج نشان داد برنامه آموزشي مبتني بر بيمار استاندارد شده در توسعه تصميمگيري باليني پرستاران مؤثرتر خواهد بود. لذا كاربرد اين روش آموزشي در برنامههاي آموزش مداوم ضمن خدمت به منظور بهبود تصميمگيري باليني پرستاران پيشنهاد ميشود.
چكيده لاتين :
Aims:Patients’ unstable clinical conditions require critical care nurses to be competent decision makers. Standardized patient is a new teaching strategy which can enhance nurses’ decision making ability. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of teaching by using standardized patients on critical care nurses’ decision making ability.
Methods:This two-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study was
conducted in 2014. The study setting was ShahidKamyab and Imam Reza
Hospitals, Mashhad, Iran. These two hospitals were randomly allocated to
either control or experimental groups. Then, several intensive care units were
randomly selected from each hospital. Nurses were recruited from the selected
units. In total, 58 nurses were studied. The study intervention consisted of
educations about clinical decision making. Educations in the control and the
experimental groups were provided by using the lecture and the standardized
patient strategies, respectively. Nurses’ clinical decision making ability was
evaluated both before and 45 days after the study intervention by employing the
Participation Decision Activity Questionnaire. The study data were analyzed by
using the SPSS16 the statistical tests of paired- and independent-samples t, Chisquare, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon.
Results:Before the intervention, the means of the three steps of decision
making in the experimental group (32.1±10.2, 33.4±9.3, and 32.1±9.7,
respectively) did not differ significantly from the control group (31.1±7.8,
32.2±6.4, and 31.4±6.5 respectively). However, after the study, the differences
between these groups regarding the means of the three steps of decision making
were statistically significant (p<0.001). Moreover, in the experimental group,
the pretest-posttest mean differences of the three steps of decision making
(17.6±7.9, 18.07±7.5, and 19.1±8.1, respectively) were significantly higher
than the control group (3.8±4.2, 4.0±2.9, and 5.6±3.5, respectively; p<0.001).
Conclusions:Teaching through standardized patients can significantly enhance
nurses’ clinical decision making ability. This strategy can be used for
developing in-service continuing education programs and improving nurses’
clinical decision making ability.