تجربه زيسته سوء مصرف مواد مخدر در ميان جوانان كرد (مطالعه موردي: استان سليمانيه)

The lived experience of drug misuse among Kurds' youth (Case study: the Solaimanye province)

تحقيق حاضرجهت مطالعه تجربه زيسته‌ى جوانان معتاد به مواد مخدر در استان سليمانيه كردستان عراق انجام گرفته است. در سال‌هاى اخير، سوء‌مصرف مواد مخدر در جهان افزايش يافته است و كشورهاى در حال توسعه، هزينه‌هاى قابل توجهى در نتيجه‌ى خسارت‌هاى ناشى از سوء‌مصرف مواد مخدر متقبل مى‌شوند. در كردستان عراق كه جنگ و آوارگى در شرايط سياسى و اجتماعى اين منطقه بسيار تاثير داشته است و از لحاظ جغرافيايى در مجاورت كشورهاى هم‌چون ايران و تركيه مى‌باشد، در سال‌هايى اخير رشد قابل‌توجهى را در شيوع سوء‌استعمال مواد مخدر داشته است. تحقيق حاضر از نوع تفسيري بوده و با استفاده از روش كيفى و رويكرد پديدار‌شناسى انجام شده است به صورتي‌كه اعتياد به‌عنوان پديده‌اى اجتماعى مورد مطالعه و فهم واقع گرديده است. براى گردآورى داده‌ها از تكنيك مصاحبه استفاد گرديده و با 15 جوان معتاد از دو زندان «معسگر‌سلام» و «بازپروري بزرگسالان» مصاحبه انجام شده است. براى تفسير و تحليل داده‌ها از روش تحليل محتواى كيفى استفاده شده با استفاده از كدگذارى متن مصاحبه‌ها، به دسته-بندى داده‌ها پرداخته شده است. شش مقوله از كدگذارى‌ها استخراج گرديد كه شامل «خانواده نابسامان و خويشاوندان»، «آوارگي و مهاجرت»، «وضعيت اقتصادي نا مناسب»، «نا آگاهي و سهل انگاري نسبت به مواد مخدر و عدم اطلاع‌رساني مناسب»، «شيوع سيگار و مشروبات الكلي» و «دوستان ناباب» مى‌باشند.

This research has been carried out to study the lived experience of young drug addicts in Sulaymaniyah, Iraqi Kurdistan. In recent years, drug abuse has increased in the world, and developing countries, spending significant costs as a result of the damage caused by drug abuse. In Iraqi Kurdistan, which war and displacement, has affected social and political conditions in the region and geographically, it’s in neighboring countries such as Iran and Turkey, in recent years, we have seen the significant growth in the prevalence of drug abuse. Given these issues, and also that in Iraqi Kurdistan no research has been done in relation to drugs and young people, researcher decided to study the lived experience of young addicts in Sulaymaniyah. This is a descriptive and explanatory research, and conducted using qualitative methodology and phenomenological approach, and this means that addiction has been studied and understood as a social phenomenon. To collect data, interview technique was used, and 15 addicted young prisons were interviewed in rehabilitation of adults and Ma’askar Salam perison. To interpret and analyze data, qualitative content analysis has been used, and using coding interviews, repeated and same codes was deleted and data classification was done, and other codes that were close together, were achieved in comprehensive categories. Generally, six categories were derived from the coding, which includes dysfunctional family and relatives, displacement and migration, inappropriate economic situation, ignorance and negligence towards drugs and the lack of information and awareness from the Government, the prevalence of smoking and alcohol, and bad friends. According to interviewees, among groups of family, friends, colleagues, classmates, friends have more influence on their tendency to addiction and then, family with violence, neglect, parental smoking and alcohol addiction, has had a significant impact in this regard. The respondents' educational level was low, and only one has been educated, accordingly, the interviewees, expressed this as an important factor in the lack of awareness, ignorance and falling into the trap of addiction. Homelessness, and lack of common law for the purchase and sale and use of alcohol, has been much considered among interviewees. Keywords: Youth, Addiction, Drug addicts, Iraqi Kurdistan, Sulaimaniyah Abstract This research has been carried out to study the lived experience of young drug addicts in Sulaymaniyah, Iraqi Kurdistan. In recent years, drug abuse has increased in the world, and developing countries, spending significant costs as a result of the damage caused by drug abuse. In Iraqi Kurdistan, which war and displacement, has affected social and political conditions in the region and geographically, it’s in neighboring countries such as Iran and Turkey, in recent years, we have seen the significant growth in the prevalence of drug abuse. Given these issues, and also that in Iraqi Kurdistan no research has been done in relation to drugs and young people, researcher decided to study the lived experience of young addicts in Sulaymaniyah. This is a descriptive and explanatory research, and conducted using qualitative methodology and phenomenological approach, and this means that addiction has been studied and understood as a social phenomenon. To collect data, interview technique was used, and 15 addicted young prisons were interviewed in rehabilitation of adults and Ma’askar Salam perison. To interpret and analyze data, qualitative content analysis has been used, and using coding interviews, repeated and same codes was deleted and data classification was done, and other codes that were close together, were achieved in comprehensive categories. Generally, six categories were derived from the coding, which includes dysfunctional family and relatives, displacement and migration, inappropriate economic situation, ignorance and negligence towards drugs and the lack of information and awareness from the Government, the prevalence of smoking and alcohol, and bad friends. According to interviewees, among groups of family, friends, colleagues, classmates, friends have more influence on their tendency to addiction and then, family with violence, neglect, parental smoking and alcohol addiction, has had a significant impact in this regard. The respondents' educational level was low, and only one has been educated, accordingly, the interviewees, expressed this as an important factor in the lack of awareness, ignorance and falling into the trap of addiction. Homelessness, and lack of common law for the purchase and sale and use of alcohol, has been much considered among interviewees. Keywords: Youth, Addiction, Drug addicts, Iraqi Kurdistan, Sulaimaniyah Abstract This research has been carried out to study the lived experience of young drug addicts in Sulaymaniyah, Iraqi Kurdistan. In recent years, drug abuse has increased in the world, and developing countries, spending significant costs as a result of the damage caused by drug abuse. In Iraqi Kurdistan, which war and displacement, has affected social and political conditions in the region and geographically, it’s in neighboring countries such as Iran and Turkey, in recent years, we have seen the significant growth in the prevalence of drug abuse. Given these issues, and also that in Iraqi Kurdistan no research has been done in relation to drugs and young people, researcher decided to study the lived experience of young addicts in Sulaymaniyah. This is a descriptive and explanatory research, and conducted using qualitative methodology and phenomenological approach, and this means that addiction has been studied and understood as a social phenomenon. To collect data, interview technique was used, and 15 addicted young prisons were interviewed in rehabilitation of adults and Ma’askar Salam perison. To interpret and analyze data, qualitative content analysis has been used, and using coding interviews, repeated and same codes was deleted and data classification was done, and other codes that were close together, were achieved in comprehensive categories. Generally, six categories were derived from the coding, which includes dysfunctional family and relatives, displacement and migration, inappropriate economic situation, ignorance and negligence towards drugs and the lack of information and awareness from the Government, the prevalence of smoking and alcohol, and bad friends. According to interviewees, among groups of family, friends, colleagues, classmates, friends have more influence on their tendency to addiction and then, family with violence, neglect, parental smoking and alcohol addiction, has had a significant impact in this regard. The respondents' educational level was low, and only one has been educated, accordingly, the interviewees, expressed this as an important factor in the lack of awareness, ignorance and falling into the trap of addiction. Homelessness, and lack of common law for the purchase and sale and use of alcohol, has been much considered among interviewees. Keywords: Youth, Addiction, Drug addicts, Iraqi Kurdistan, Sulaimaniyah