اثر 8 هفته تمرين هوازي كم شدت در هايپوكسي بر محتواي PGC-1α عضله، گلوكز ناشتا، مقاومت به انسولين و حداكثر اكسيژن مصرفي موش هاي صحرايي ديابتي نوع 2

The Effect of 8 Weeks of Low Intensity Aerobic Exercise in Hypoxia on Muscle PGC-1α Content, Fasting Glucose, Insulin Resistance, and Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

ﻣﻘ ﺪﻣﻪ: ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪه ﻓﻌﺎل ﺷﺪه ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮي ﭘﺮوﮐﺴﯽ زوﻣﯽ ﻫﻢ ﻓﻌﺎل ﮐﻨﻨﺪه آﻟﻔﺎ )PGC-1α( ﯾﮏ ﻫﺪف درﻣﺎﻧﯽ در دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع 2 اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﻫﻮازي ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت اﺧﯿﺮ از ﻫﺎﯾﭙﻮﮐﺴﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪﮔﺮ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ در دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع 2 ﻧﺎم ﻣﯽﺑﺮﻧﺪ. ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ 8 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازي ﮐﻢ ﺷﺪت در ﻫﺎﯾﭙﻮﮐﺴﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي PGC-1α ﻋﻀﻠﻪ، ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ، ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ و ﺣ ﺪاﮐﺜﺮ اﮐﺴﯿﮋن ﻣﺼﺮﻓﯽ ﻣﻮشﻫﺎي ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﻧﻮع 2 ﺑﻮد. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ، 40 ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻧﺮ ﻧﮋاد وﯾﺴﺘﺎر ﺑﻪ ﭘﻨﺞ ﮔﺮوه 8 ﺗﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﺎﻟﻢ، ﮐﻨﺘﺮل دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازي، ﻫﺎﯾﭙﻮﮐﺴﯽ و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازي در ﻫﺎﯾﭙﻮﮐﺴﯽ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﻟﻘﺎي دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎ روش رژﯾﻢ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﭼﺮب-اﺳﺘﺮﭘﺘﻮزوﺗﻮﺳﯿﻦ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻤ ﺮﯾﻨﺎت 8 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ )5 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ 40-60 دﻗﯿﻘﻪاي( ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ 10-15 ﻣﺘﺮ در دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. از ﻫﺎﯾﭙﻮﮐﺴﯽ ﻧﻮرﻣﻮﺑﺎرﯾﮏ ﺑﺎ اﮐﺴﯿﮋن 14/4درﺻﺪ اﺳ ﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ و آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ ﺑﻮﻧﻔﺮوﻧﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﯾ ﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: آزﻣﻮن آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ، ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري در ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد )0/001=p(. آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ ﺑﻮﻧﻔﺮوﻧﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﺎﻟﻢ، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازي، ﻫﺎﯾﭙﻮﮐﺴﯽ و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازي در ﻫﺎﯾﭙﻮﮐﺴﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨ ﯽداري در ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي PGC-1α، ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ دارﻧﺪ )0/05

Introduction: PGC-1α is a therapeutic target in type 2 diabetes that responds to aerobic exercise. Recent research has identified hypoxia as a new therapeutic intervention in type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 8 weeks of low intensity aerobic exercise in hypoxia on muscle PGC-1α content, fasting glucose, insulin resistance, and maximal oxygen consumption in type 2 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n= 8 per group): healthy control, diabetic control, aerobic exercise, hypoxia, and aerobic exercise in hypoxia. Induction of diabetes was performed by high-fat diet-streptozotocin method. Exercises were performed for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week and 40-60 minutes at a speed of 10-15 meters per minute in each session. Normobaric hypoxia with 14. 4% oxygen was used. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: One-way analysis of variance in the study groups showed a significant difference in the research variables (p=0. 001). Bonferroni post hoc test showed a significant difference between the groups of healthy control, aerobic exercise, hypoxia, and aerobic exercise in hypoxia with the diabetic control group in PGC-1α, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance. In addition, the groups of healthy control, aerobic exercise and aerobic exercise in hypoxia were significantly different from the diabetic control group in Vo2max (p<0.05). Conclusion: Low intensity aerobic exercise in hypoxia had a greater effect on research indicators compared to hypoxia and low intensity aerobic exercise.