اثربخشي حلِ مسئله در آموزش فيزيك

The Effectiveness of Problem Solving in Physics Instruction

هدف آموزش فيزيك آن است كه دانش‌آموزان در مسيرِ كسب مهارت در فيزيك قرار گيرند، توانايي كاربرد مفاهيم فيزيكي در موقعيت‌هاي فيزيكي و استدلال با آنها را توسعه دهند و بتوانند گستره‌ي وسيعي از انواع مسائل، شامل مسائل جديد را حل كنند. اهميت استفاده از حلِ مسئله در آموزش فيزيك بر كسي پوشيده نيست. با وجود اين، حلِ مسئله، به روشي كه معمولاً مورد استفاده قرار مي‌گيرد، در رسيدن به اهداف مذكور آنچنان كه بايد، مؤثر نيست و نياز به بازنگري دارد. در اين مقاله، با توجه به پژوهش‌هاي صورت گرفته در حوزه آموزش فيزيك توضيح داده مي‌شود كه چرا حلِ مسئله به روش‌هاي سنتي در كسب مهارت واقعي در فيزيك كم‌بازده است و بازنگري در آموزش و حلِ مسئله مورد بررسي قرار مي‌گيرد.

The purpose of physics instruction is leading students to progress towards expertise in physics, to develop the ability to apply physics concepts to physical situations and reason with them, and to solve a wide range of problem types, including novel ones. Problem solving is central to physics instruction. Problem solving, however, as is traditionally used, is not as effective as it should be in achieving these goals and needs to be reconsidered. In this paper, according to results from physics education research, demonstrate that why traditional ways of using problem solving are ineffective for promoting true physics expertise and rethinking instruction and problem solving are explored. The purpose of physics instruction is leading students to progress towards expertise in physics, to develop the ability to apply physics concepts to physical situations and reason with them, and to solve a wide range of problem types, including novel ones. Problem solving is central to physics instruction. Problem solving, however, as is traditionally used, is not as effective as it should be in achieving these goals and needs to be reconsidered.