تاثير برنامه كنترل ليشمانيوز جلدي روستايي در يك كانون جديد بيماري

Efficacy of Control Program of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in a New Focus of the Disease

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the main vector-borne disease after malaria in Iran. This disease exists in two forms of Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) and Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ZCL) in different parts ofthe country. A new focus of (ZCL) caused by Leishmania major has appeared in Ardakan county, Yazd province, in recent years. The disease had an epidemic in this focus, during 1998-1999. Because of its public health importance and high risk of the disease transmission to other parts of the province or the country, a control program against ZCL was started in 2000. This program was conducted in two phases: controlling the reservoir hosts ofthe disease (rodents) via poisoning their burrows with Klerat, and indoor residual spraying against sandflies with Propoxur 50% WP 2 g/m2. These findings show a 5-fold reduction in the disease incidence in the treated area. Meanwhile it was increased more than 1.3 time in the control area. The decrease of ZCL incidence was significant in the treated area compared to the control area (P<0.0001). Based on the obtained data, this method seems to be effective for ZCL control.