بررسي الگوهاي دگرگوني ساختاري (با تاكيد بر كارگزاران عاملان دگرگوني ساختاري )

The State Crisis within Theories of Development

One may think of an exact, a more distinct meaning to be attached to the notion of crisis. The notion of crisis is overstated in our everyday dialogues. This paper takes the task to review different perspectives on the concept of crisis. It then proceeds to connect it to the state. The state is considered to he one of the most important and effective foundations in the modern society. A crisis discourse has engulfed and dominated the state and the development theories after the World War II. The paper will also attempt to present a classification as to the possible relationships among the state, civil society, and the development. The classification distinguishes "perpetual developmentalism", "perpetual equivalence", and "perpetual anti-developmentalism". It follows up considering two factors: a) the trajectory of development process, and b) how to implement the developmental policies. Then, this paper is based on some studies on the crisis in the undeveloped countries. Pointing to an unstable state, and trying to show a theoretical way out of the stagnant situation. The idea bears close relationship with the basic question taken by this paper: what are the basic attributes of a third-world state, in practice and in theory?