اثرهاي نيتروژن ، فسفر و پتاسيم بر عملكرد و ويژگي هاي كمي دو جمعيت اهلي و وحشي بابونه آلماني

EFFECTS OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM ON YIELD AND QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTIVATED AND WILD POPULATIONS OF GERMAN CHAMOMILE (CHAMOMILLA RECUTITA L. RAUSCHERT).

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of N, P and K fertilization on yield and quantitative characteristics of cultivated and wild populations of German chamomile. Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 1:1:1 and 6 levels of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg ha^-1 under field conditions. Results indicated that various treatments of fertilizers affected flower, root and shoot fresh and dry weights, plant fresh weight/dry weight ratios, fresh and dry weight yields of flower and shoot, flower number and essential oil percentage. The highest flower fresh (1588 and 3250 kg ha^-1) and dry weight (403 and 641.5 kg ha^-1) were obtained with 120 and 30 kg NPK ha^-1 in wild and cultivated populations, respectively, which was significantly different compared to the other treatments and control. Flower number per plant in both populations in treatment of 90 kg NPK ha^-1 was significantly different compared to control. The highest essential oil percentage in cultivated population (0.55%) were obtained with 90 kg NPK ha^-1. However, essential oil percentage of wild population was decreased with increasing the levels of fertilizers (from 0.68% in control treatment to 0.51% in 120 kg NPK ha^-1).