هرمنوتيك، فن عام فهم و تفسير از نظرگاه اشلايرماخر

Hermeneutics as general art of interpretation in Schleiermacherʹs viewpoint

In this assay, I am going to introduce Schleiermacherʹs hermeneutics. hermeneutics, from its beginning in the Greek tradition up till eighteen century, ha been applied to serve sacred text, and all the meaning of sacred texts were being understood by using rhetoric and critical approach along with the linguistic and grammatical regularities. But, by Schleiermacher, hermeneutics as the general art of interpretation got out of the realm of sacred text and is used to understand very text. Schleiermacher, affected by Romantists, Philologists, and The Enlightenment, maintains that to understand a text we have to re-create or reconstruct authorʹs creation. This includes two types of reconstruction: grammatical and psychological. Overcoming the psychological over the first later texts, he, by using divinatory method, tried to reach the subjectivity of the author. Therefoer, beside the first pair of opposites, i.e., grammatical and technical, we can see a second pair, divination and comparison. Here, we will discuss about Schleeiermacherʹs hermeneutics by focusing on his key elements.