نقد و بررسي ديدگاه ابن سينا و ملاصدرا درباره چگونگي پيدايش نفس انساني

Avicenna and Sadra^s views on the genesis of human soul

In Islamic teachings, the knowledge of human soul is regarded of the same position as that of God because of its high place in the wonderful order of the world. Appearance of man, the relationship of the soul to the body and corruption of the body and persistence of the soul have always been focused on by both theist and atheist philosophers; though believing in Resurrection has led theistsʹ to attempt more in the field. This paper, putting Avicenna and Molla Sadraʹs views forward, has sought to study two opposite views critically. While the two philosophers are in agreement on many of the problems such as immateriality and eternity of the soul, there can be found many differences in the field that originate from their philosophical principles. Definition of the soul, justification of its appearance in Avicenna and Sadraʹs, the fifth reasons of the former along with the critiques of the latter are studied here.