دليل عقل در سيره فقهي ابن ادريس

Reason (Aql) in the Jurisprudential Method of Ibn Idris

بررسي سيره عملي ابن ادريس كه از اثرگذاران بر فقه بوده است هدف اين پژوهش قرار گرفته است. روش بررسي اين پژوهش تحليل محتواي تاليف مهم ابن ادريس بوده است. نتيجه مطالعه نشان مي‌دهد كه وي در ديدگاه نظري خود دليل عقلي را در طول كتاب، سنت و اجماع مي‌داند و اين بدان معناست كه او تمامي اصول عمليه عقلي و شرعي، قواعد فقهي، اصول لفظي، قواعد عرفي، بناي عقلا و سيره متشرعه را كه بسياري از آنها در دوران او مصطلح نبوده، جز دليل عقلي مي‌داند. وي در موارد زيادي از دليل عقلي استفاده كرده كه عبارتند از: عقل مستقل به عنوان موسس برخي واجبات عقلي؛ عقل به عنوان مخصص دلايل سه‌گانه؛ عقل در نقش مويد ساير ادله؛ عقل و تاسيس اصول و قواعد كلي؛ عقل به عنوان اصول عمليه.

This research has been aimed to show the applied method of Ibn Idris (who influenced the Islamic jurisprudence – Fiqh). The way of the research is to analyze the contents of the influential book of Ibn Idris. The results show in his theoretical view, Quran (the Book), Sunnah (Traditions) and Ijma (Consensus) were based on Reason (Aql). This means all practical principles of Reason & Islamic law; jurisprudential rule; language principles and the Muslim Community methods (most of them were not common in his period) were of Reason (Rational Reason). He used Rational Reason in many cases which were Independent Reason (Aql) as the establishment of reason obligations; Reason as the exception to other three jurisprudential reasons; Reason as confirming other reasons; Reason as the establishment of general rules & principles and Reason as the practical principles.