Structure of the Molecular Chaperone Prefoldin: Unique Interaction of Multiple Coiled Coil Tentacles with Unfolded Proteins

Prefoldin (GimC) is a hexameric molecular chaperone complex built from two related classes of subunits and present in all eukaryotes and archaea. Prefoldin interacts with nascent polypeptide chains and, in vitro, can functionally substitute for the Hsp70 chaperone system in stabilizing non-native proteins for subsequent folding in the central cavity of a chaperonin. Here, we present the crystal structure and characterization of the prefoldin hexamer from the archaeum Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum. Prefoldin has the appearance of a jellyfish: its body consists of a double β barrel assembly with six long tentacle-like coiled coils protruding from it. The distal regions of the coiled coils expose hydrophobic patches and are required for multivalent binding of nonnative proteins.