Experimental and numerical analysis of heat losses in a liquid nitrogen cryostat

The number of cryogenic storage systems applications is growing rapidly with these systems finding their use in land, sea and space environments. In addition, the evolution of low temperature techniques is commonly linked with efficient utilization of cryogenic liquids that includes all liquids boiling at temperatures below ambient. This evolution suggests the need for continuous development of primary methods to reduce heat leaks of cryogenic storage vessels. Few studies have considered in detail this problem. In this paper, experimental results concerning heat transfer between the vapor and the cryostat necks obtained for liquid nitrogen cryostat are presented and compared with numerical and theoretical results, as well as velocity and temperatures profiles of the gas inside the cryostat.