Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles(Ag-Nps)( a model of metals) by Candida albicans and its antifungal activity on Some fungal pathogens (Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Candida albicans).

The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (as a model for other metals) is of utmost significance in various applied medical sciences. The chemical synthesis of Nan particles of metals particularly Ag-NPs is reported to be harmful when used in medical preparations. So, the silver nanoparticles were synthesized biologically using fungi as Candida albicanse, after treating silver nitrate with fungus mycelia. The biosynthesis of AgNPs were identified though the culture mycelia and further confirmed with UV-visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The prepared Ag-NPs were evaluated for the antifungal effects on Candida albicans and T. mentagrophytes. This effect was observed by measuring Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) using well diffusion technique in comparison with some drugs including Grisofulvin and Itraconazole have been obtained on the fungi and the changes on membrane reactions of treated fungi have been detected by Scanning Electron Microscopy. The obtained results revealed the MIC50 of Grisofulvin and Itraconazole and Ag-NPs on Candida albicans and T. mentagrophytes which were 4±0.25 ug/ml, 8±0.18 ug/ml and 2±0.10 ug/ml respectively, on Candida albicans . Whereas, the results of the same effects on T. mentagrophytes were 5±0.35 ug/ml, 12±1.5 ug/ml and 2±0.13 ug/ ml, respectively. However, the MIC100 of the tested antifungal Grisofulvin and Itraconazole and Ag-NPs were relatively required higher concentrations, 7±1.2 ug/ml, 13±3.0 ug/ml and 4±2.0 ug/ml for antifungal effect against C.albicans , respectively. Whereas, the concentrations of 8±1.5 mg/ml, 17±2.5 ug/ml and 5±1.0 ug/ml were required for MIC100 for inhibition the growth of T. mentagrophytes . In case of Candida albicans as model for other fungi, when we used (MIC50) concentration of Ag-NPs we observed membrane damage and some pits that have been caused inter cellular components leakage and finally cell death. Whereas, the using of (MIC100) concentration of Ag-NPs, we observed destruction of fungal cell with pore in their cell membrane. Therefore, Silver nanoparticles as a model for other metals could be used in the field of human and veterinary medicine as successful treatment of microbial diseases of human and animal particularly fungal diseases. Also, the fungi also could be used for the production of these nanoparticles which is highly biocompatible, cheap and environmental friendly .