Solid-matrix luminescence in glucose and trehalose glasses with heavy-atom salts

It is reported for the first time that by adding the appropriate amounts of heavy-atom salts to glucose and trehalose, clear and rigid glasses can be obtained. Different percentages of NaI and TINO3 were used as heavy-atom salts. It was shown that both NaI and TINO3 reduced the room-temperature fluorescence (RTF), but enhanced the room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) in glucose and trehalose glasses. Glucose and trehalose glasses with TlNO3 shifted the position of the spectra of PhIP to longer wavelengths due to complex formation with thallium ion. However, NaI affected only the intensities of RTF and RTP signals of PhIP. The heavy-atom effect of Nal and TlNO3 on 5,6-benzoquinoline (B[f]Q), 4-phenylphenol (4-PP), B(a)P-r-7,t-8,9,c-10-tetrahydrotetrol (tetrol I-1) and triphenylene in glucose glasses were also demonstrated. The limit of detection for PhIP and B[f]Q in glucose with 10% of NaI was 20 and 18 pg mg−1, respectively.