The Study of Phenotypic Variation of ‘Shahrood1’ × ‘Shahrood12’ Population and their Comparison with the Parents using Morphological Markers

The plant genetic resources are important, because they have most valuable national basis resources in the each country. In this study, to grouping the 92 almond progenies from ‘Shahrood1’ × ‘Shahrood12’ and comparing them in terms of heritability with their parents, measured on the basis of almond universal descriptor. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to compare 15 morphological and phonological traits among study progenies. The important traits frequency such as flowering time, tree size, resistance to frost, growth habit, flower density and leaving time in all hybrid population and compare them with their parents showed their asymmetric distribution among them. The simple correlation coefficients traits showed that among some measured traits was a significant positive correlation. In other hand, the eigenvalue variance percentage and cumulative variance showed the among measure traits, three independent factors that their eigenvalue were more than seven, they could justified 60% of total variance. Also the results of cluster analysis all cultivars were divided into three main groups. some of progenies likes ‘Shahrood1’ in third group, some other likes ‘Shahrood12’were in second group and some other that expression of phenotypic traits were additive mode, incomplete dominance or over dominance in first group.