Tunneling into 1D and quasi-1D conductors: Luttinger-liquid behavior and effects of environment

The paper addresses the problem whether and how is it possible to detect the Luttinger-liquid behavior from the IV curves for tunneling to 1D or quasi-1D conductors. The power-law non-ohmic IV curve, which is usually considered as a manifestation of the Luttinger-liquid behavior in nanotubes, can be also deduced from the theory of the Coulomb blockaded junction between 3D conductors affected by the environment effect. The two approaches predict different power-law exponents for conductance, but the difference becomes negligible for a large number of conductance channels.