Cofiring behaviors between BaTiO3-modified silver–palladium electrode and Pb-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramics

The cofiring characteristics of BaTiO3-modified silver–palladium alloys electrode and Pb-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramics were investigated. The results obtained showed that improved interfacial microstructure, repressed interfacial chemical reactions, and nearly consistent shrinkage behaviors were achieved. A no-glass frit ceramic-modified electrode system was suggested on the basis of minimum interfacial mismatch and satisfactory interfacial bonding. Reasonable explanations for this were given in view of physical and chemical properties of BaTiO3 and its chemical compatibility with Pb-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramics.