Temperature dependence on the electrical properties of Ba(Ti0.90Zr0.10)O3:2V ceramics

Barium zirconium titanate ferroelectric ceramics modified with vanadium Ba(Ti0.90Zr0.10V0.02)O3 (BZT:2V) were prepared from powders synthesized using the mixed oxide method. The effect of temperature on the structural and electrical properties of BZT:2V ceramics was investigated. X-ray diffraction data evidenced no secondary phases. As temperature decreases, the maximum dielectric permittivity decreased. The fine-grained sample showed a ‘relaxor-like’ ferroelectric behavior. The dielectric permittivity reaches a maximum value (ɛm ∼ 16,000 at 1 kHz) for the BZT:2V ceramics sintered at 1623 K for 4 h. Remnant polarization (Pr) and coercive field were also temperature dependent.