Syntheses of Novel Hapten–Protein Conjugates for Production of Highly Specific Antibodies to Formononetin, Daidzein and Genistein

The syntheses of novel hapten–carrier protein conjugates are described. Isoflavones functionalised in C2 were coupled to bovine serum albumin or swine thyroglobulin. The antibodies obtained were used for the development of ELISAs (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays) to measure the three isoflavones with IC50 ranging from 15.6 to 100 ng/mL.