Comparison of uncertainty analysis methods for a distributed rainfall–runoff model

A rainfall–runoff model is normally applied to storm events outside of the range of conditions in which it has been successfully calibrated and verified. This investigation examined the uncertainty of model output caused by model calibration parameters. Four methods, the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS), Latin hypercube simulation (LHS), Rosenbluethʹs point estimation method (RPEM), and Harrʹs point estimation method (HPEM), were utilized to build uncertainty bounds on an estimated hydrograph. Comparing these four methods indicates that LHS produces analytical results similar to those of MCS. According to our results, the LHS only needs 10% of the number of MCS parameters to achieve similar performance. However, the analysis results from RPEM and HPEM differ markedly from those from MCS due to the very small number of model parameters.