Prolonged Exposure Therapy Following Awareness Under Anesthesia: A Case Study Original Research Article

Awareness during surgery is estimated to effect between 40,000 to 140,000 patients per year in the United States, and there is a growing literature suggesting that this event can lead to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current article describes treatment implemented from a manualized protocol of a woman diagnosed with PTSD following awareness during a routine surgery. Prolonged exposure therapy was delivered to the client over 12 sessions. Treatment consisted of psychoeducation, imaginal exposure, in-vivo exposure, breathing retraining, progressive muscle relaxation, and homework assignments. At treatment completion and at follow-up 10 weeks after completion of therapy, the client no longer met criteria for PTSD. Prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD is an effective treatment that alleviates symptoms of PTSD from awareness during surgery.