A study on applications of membrane techniques in bioconversion of fumaric acid to L-malic acid Original Research Article

Membrane separation processes were applied in the fumaric acid—L-malic acid bioconversion. Electrodialysis was found suitable to recover the free malic acid from its salt (malate), formed in the reaction. Moreover the electrodialytic separation method can be on-line connected to the biochemical process forming an effective integrated system.