Removal of copper from industrial effluent using a spiral wound module — film theory and hydrodynamic approach Original Research Article

The problems involved in the environment for a surface treatment are especially at the level of water and even dangerous often toxic waste for the environment. The purpose of the surface treatments is to make acquire on metal or plastic surfaces new properties by a surface dressing of material. In this search for the respect of the environment, of the standards, and the laws in strengths; the application of the membrane techniques in industry of surface treatment often require less energy and offer low fresh working assets compared to much of conventional systems of treatment. The coupling of the membrane techniques such as the nanofiltration with traditional methods of treatment physicochemical seems the promising solution to reduce volumes of industrial wastes considerably. The inorganic and organic pollutants present in its effluents can be removed simultaneously by using this kind of system of treatment. The removal of copper from effluent by a negatively charged microporous nanofiltration (NF) membrane called Nanomax50 was investigated. The difficulty encountered during the treatment of the synthetic solutions filtration and the effluent, suggested the investigation one of the limiting nanofiltration factors in fact the concentration polarization. In this context and in order to understand the bivalent ions transfer phenomenon through a nanofiltration membrane we will try to develop the coupling of the hydrodynamic approach and the model of film.