Discovery and Understanding of Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Aromatic Substitution Reactions

This article presents studies on the development of cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides and sulfonates with amines, alkoxides, and various enolates. Emphasis is placed on the process of developing new catalysts with mechanistic information gained in the author’s laboratory. 1 Introduction 2 Early Reaction Development 3 New Catalyst Developments 4 Mechanism of the Cross-Coupling Processes 5 Mechanism of Oxidative Addition 6 Reductive Elimination of Amines 7 Stable Palladium Catalysts for Coupling of Primary Amines 8 Guidelines for Catalyst Selection