Ultrafiltration versus sedimentation-based pretreatment in Fujairah-1 RO plant: Environmental impact study Original Research Article

Commonly, the main contributors to the environmental impacts of desalination are energy consumptions and chemical usage. In this work, two alternatives for pretreatment of seawater feed to Fujairah-1 seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plant, in United Arab Emirates, were compared: sedimentation-based and ultrafiltration (UF) membrane-based pretreatment. Life cycle analysis (LCA) methodology was applied in this case study research, based on real data from the Fujairah-1 plant for the sedimentation-based system and full design data for the alternative UF system, provided by X-Flow®. By use of the LCA, a comprehensive environmental modeling of the considered options was conducted. The pretreatment systems, including their components (e.g., equipment) and material and energy flows throughout their lifetime, were modeled. Environmental impacts of these systems, using alternative energy mixes, were also modeled.