How food type and brood influence foraging decisions of Lasius niger scouts

We investigated how the type of food (sucrose or protein) and the presence of brood influence foraging decisions of Lasius niger L. scouts. In particular, we studied whether and how these parameters alter the drinking behaviour of scouts and the allocation of workers to food retrieving and recruiting tasks. We analysed drinking and recruiting behaviour of single scouts from nests with or without brood that encountered a proteinaceous or sucrose droplet. A substantial fraction of scouts encountering a proteinaceous droplet did not ingest it and did not then return to the nest whereas nearly all drank at sugar droplets; brood presence did not influence this decision. Once an ant started drinking, it needed to drink a critical volume before returning to the nest; this critical volume did not depend on the type of food and the presence of brood. Scouts laid a trail only if they returned to the colony. Food type and brood presence altered the proportion of individuals that laid a trail but not the individual trail-laying intensity. We discuss the consequences of this decision system through simple individual assessments and decision rules, with regard to the self-organized foraging patterns of this species and the efficient collective exploitation of natural resources.