Ionospheric variability: a comparative statistical study Original Research Article

Studying the variabilities from day-to-day and from hour-to-hour of the ionospheric characteristics f0E, f0F2, M(3000)F2 and MUF(3000)F2 we have determined statistical factors related to the state of the ionospheric plasma in time and space. It is found that the variability from day-to-day is greater than the variability from hour-to-hour and that an “intrinsic” variability of the order of less than 4% remains even if we evaluate variability levels that are not exceeded for the 30% or 20% or 10% of the time for each month and year at each location. It is also found that a different amount of disturbances exists at different geographical zones (continents) and at the same zone it varies with latitude.