Gains-A global observing system Original Research Article

The Global Atmosphere-ocean IN-situ observing System (GAINS) is a program to develop the systems needed for an operational, global, in-situ observing system. Observations taken from the GAINS platforms will complement existing operational systems by filling in holes over oceans, and by delivering observations that are at finer temporal and spatial resolutions than are currently possible. This paper gives an overview of the GAINS program, discussing the motivation for this observing system, the concept, and the seven-year development program. Balloon trajectory simulations illustrating the feasibility of the proposed GAINS network of 400 platforms will be presented. Finally, status of the program and results of experimental flights will be discussed.