GW self-energy calculations for surfaces and interfaces Original Research Article

The many-body GW approximation has become the most popular method in ab initio calculations of excited-state properties in real materials. GW overcomes many of the limitations of traditional density functional theories to predict one-electron excitation spectra for a wide variety of materials. In this article we review some applications of GW to real surfaces, from calculations of surface band structures in semiconductors to estimations of the lifetimes of surface states in metals.