The Monte Carlo program KoralW version 1.51 and the concurrent Monte Carlo KoralW&YFSWW3 with all background graphs and first-order corrections to W-pair production Original Research Article

The version 1.51 of the Monte Carlo (MC) program KoralW for all e+e−→f1f̄2f3f̄4 processes is presented. The most important change from the previous version 1.42 is the facility for writing MC events on the mass storage device and reprocessing them later on. In the reprocessing parameters of the Standard Model may be modified in order to fit them to experimental data. Another important new feature is the possibility of including complete O(α) corrections to double-resonant W-pair component-processes in addition to all background (non-WW) graphs. The inclusion is done with the help of the YFSWW3 MC event generator for fully exclusive differential distributions (event per event). Technically, it is done in such a way that YFSWW3 runs concurrently with KoralW as a separate slave process, reading momenta of the MC event generated by KoralW and returning the correction weight to KoralW. The latter introduces the O(α) correction using this weight, and finishes processing the event (rejection due to total MC weight, hadronization, etc.). The communication between KoralW and YFSWW3 is done with the help of the FIFO facility of the UNIX/Linux operating system. This does not require any modifications of the FORTRAN source codes. From the userʹs point of view, the resulting Concurrent MC event generator KoralW&YFSWW3 looks as a regular single MC event generator with all the standard features.