Posture condition of upper and lower extremity and its relationship with physical fitness related to physical fitness and body composition

This research aims to study the posture condition of upper and lower extremity and its relationship with physical fitness related to health and body composition. The statistical population of the research included the female high school students of Amol province (1817 people) between 14-16 years old. 341 of them were selected through simple random sampling (SRS) method. Measuring tools of the research included personal questionnaire, New York test card, talcum powder to discover sole condition, posture screen to diagnose abnormalities in both posterior and lateral views, caliper to measure fat percentage, physical fitness tests including sit-up tests, pull-up, 540m running, and flexibility. In “Relationships between Variables under Study” section, a negative and significant relationship was observed between sit-ups and scoliosis (-0.131). A negative and significant relationship was observed between genu valgum and 540m running (-0.115), decline pull-up (-0.111), and body composition (-0.189). No significant relationship was observed between the rest of physical fitness indices related to health and body composition and posture condition. There is a negative and significant correlation between body composition and 540m running and decline push-up. There is no significant correlation between body composition, sit-ups, and flexibility. In addition, the results of the research showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between forward head, uneven shoulder, lumbar lordosis, and kyphosis. No significant correlation was observed between flat back, forward head, and scoliosis. In lower extremity, a direct and significant relationship was observed between genu valgum, flat feet, and hallux valgus. Regarding the findings of the present research that shows considerable prevalence of abnormalities, it seems necessary for authorities, teachers and coaches to identify and correct abnormalities and improve physical fitness of people.