The chariots of the Egyptian Pharaoh Tut Ankh Amun in 1337 B.C.: kinematics and dynamics

This paper deals with some chariots belonging to the Egyptian Pharaoh Tut Ankh Amun, used in 1337 B.C. and discovered in his tomb in the Valley of Kings in 1922. One of the chariots was restored by Nadia Lokma and theoretically studied by Dr. Nasry Iskander at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. Some mechanical aspects of the structure of the wheels, the spokes, the materials chosen for the sleeve bearings, the use of animal grease for lubrication and the design of the chariot as a whole are extraordinary. In fact, they are very similar to the technical and scientific principles used in machine mechanics with some of the modern concepts of today’s applications.