Broadband shock noise reduction in turbulent jets by water injection

The concept of effective jet properties introduced by the author (Kandula M. Prediction of turbulent jet mixing noise reduction by water injection. AIAA J 2008;46(11):2714–22) has been extended to the estimation of broadband shock noise reduction by water injection in supersonic jets. Comparison of the predictions with the test data for cold and hot underexpanded supersonic nozzles shows a satisfactory agreement. The results also reveal the range of water mass flow rates over which saturation of mixing noise reduction and existence of parasitic noise are manifest.