Construction of a realistic scene in virtual turning based on a global illumination model and chip simulation

Research on the virtual machining environment is one of the key parts of virtual manufacturing technology. According to the features of virtual turning, this paper proposes a simplified Whitted lighting model based on the analysis of Phong and other local illumination models. Moreover, to obtain natural lighting effects, a local ray tracing algorithm is given to calculate the light intensity of every position during the course of simulation. This method cannot simulate the machining environment accurately, but also can reduce the calculation time. Further, to obtain a more realistic machining scene, the paper deduces the transfer matrix from the chip coordinate to the feeding coordinate so that the chip model can be integrated into the whole machining scene. Finally, an example of a virtual cutting scene is shown to demonstrate the effects of the global illumination model and chip simulation. The data needed for the construction of the scene and for chip simulation is obtained from a C616 lathe. This study plays an important role in richening virtual manufacturing theory and promoting the development of advanced manufacturing technology.