The coupling thermal–mechanical and microstructural model for the FEM simulation of cross wedge rolling

The microstructural evolution models on AISI 5140 were obtained using the Gleeble-3500 thermo-mechanical simulator. Simulation on the cross wedge rolling (CWR) process has been carried out on the platform of finite element software DEFROM-3D with thermo-mechanic and microstructural evolution coupled. And distributions of the different field-variables during the whole rolling process from the knifing, guiding, stretching to sizing stage, such as effective strain, effective strain rate and temperature, were obtained. Meanwhile, three-dimensional (3D) distribution of austenite grain size of workpiece was also achieved. It is significant to understand the net-shaped mechanism and optimize CWR technology.