Electromagnetic actuator with magnetic stored energy

The paper presents an electromagnetic actuator which can provide two stable positions with power consuming mainly in the switching on period. A permanent magnet, added to the magnetic yoke eliminates any other locking mechanism, for steady-state operation, while switching off is performed by helical springs, as usual. Dynamic behavior of the actuator is investigated on a hybrid model, both continuous for magnetic phenomena and with lumped parameters for electrical and mechanical ones.