Calorimetric study on two biphenyl liquid crystals

The molar heat capacities of the two biphenyl liquid crystals, 3BmFF and 3BmFFXF3, with a purity of 99.7 mol% have been precisely measured by a fully automated precision adiabatic calorimeter in the temperature range between T = 80 and 350 K. Nematic phase–liquid phase transitions were found between T = 297 K and 300 K with a peak temperature of Tpeak = (298.071±0.089) K for 3BmFF, and between T = 316 and 319 K with a peak temperature of Tpeak = (315.543±0.043) K for 3BmFFXF3. The molar enthalpy (ΔtrsHm) and entropy (ΔtrsSm) corresponding to these phase transitions have been determined by means of the analysis of the heat capacity curves, which are (15.261 ± 0.023) kJ mol−1 and (51.202 ± 0.076) J K−1 mol−1 for 3BmFF, (31.624 ± 0.066) kJ mol−1 and (100.249 ± 0.212) J K−1 mol−1 for 3BmFFXF3, respectively. The real melting points (T1) and the ideal melting points (T0) with no impurities of the two compounds have been obtained from the fractional melting method to be (298.056 ± 0.018) K and (298.165 ± 0.038) K for 3BmFF, (315.585 ± 0.043) K and (315.661 ± 0.044) K for 3BmFFXF3, respectively. In addition, the transitions of these two biphenyl liquid crystals from nematic phase to liquid phase have further been investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) technique; the repeatability and reliability for these phase transitions were verified.