Matter-induced modification of resonances at RHIC freezeout Original Research Article

We discuss the physical effects causing a modification of resonance masses, widths and even shapes in a dilute hadronic gas at late stages of heavy ion collisions. We quantify the conditions at which resonances are produced at RHIC, and found that it happens at T≈120 MeV. Although in the pp case the “kinematic” effects like thermal weighting of the states is sufficient, in AA we see a clear effect of dynamical interaction with matter, both due to a variety of s-channel resonances and due to t-channel scalar exchanges. The particular quantity we focus mostly on is the ρ meson mass, for which these dynamical effects lead to about −50 MeV shift, on top of about −20 MeV of a thermal effect: both agree well with preliminary data from STAR experiment at RHIC. We also predict a complete change of shape of f0(600) resonance, even by thermal effects alone.