Electrical conductivity of carbon fibres/polyester resin composites in the percolation threshold region

The electrical conductivity of composites of a polyester resin filled with short carbon fibres has been investigated with a special attention to the properties in the percolation threshold region. A very low percolation threshold (0.7–0.8 vol% of the filler) was confirmed. In contrast to S-shaped curves calculated according to the percolation theory of composites of globular particles, the experimental conductivity vs. fibre content dependence, after a steep increase in the percolation region, increased almost linearly. This atypical behaviour was explained by a different mechanism of formation of fibrous and globular conducting structures above the percolation threshold. An increase in scatter of conductivity values observed at percolation threshold as a consequence of great fluctuation of fibre arrangement manifested itself also in the conductivity–temperature dependences.