Turbulence modelling for wall-bounded particle-laden flow with separation

The performance of different turbulence models and source-term models for the turbulent separated particle-laden flow is investigated. The accuracy of various turbulence models is firstly evaluated without any modification by the source-term model. The considered models are the k–ω SST model; the standard, the RNG and the realizable k–ε models with the standard, the non-equilibrium and the enhanced wall functions. The accuracy of various source-term models is then compared. The results are investigated and analyzed to find the best combination of the turbulence model and the source-term model in predicting the combined effects of turbulence, particles, viscous wall and flow separation. It is found that the RNG k–ε turbulence model with the non-equilibrium wall function using the source-term model of Tu and Fletcher is the most suitable combination for this type of flow.