Adsorption and bonding of 2-butenal on Sn/Pt surface alloys

The adsorption of 2-butenal on the Pt(111), Pt(111)Sn-(2×2), and Pt(111)Sn-(3×3)R30° surfaces has been studied by high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy and DFT calculations. On Pt(111) 2-butenal adsorbs at a threefold hollow in a η3(C,C,O) configuration. A similar geometry is observed for Pt(111)Sn-(2×2), although the oxygen coordinates to tin instead of platinum. As the surface coverage of tin increases, as for Pt(111)Sn-(3×3)R30°, the most stable adsorption geometry changes to η1(O), where the carbonyl oxygen once again coordinates to tin. The carbonyl bond thus retains an activated character as Pt/Sn alloys are formed. The alkene/surface interaction is, however, dramatically influenced at increasing surface concentrations of tin.