Abstract :
Recent advances have been made in analytical and micropreparative two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins with immobilized pH gradients, using wide-range gradients up to pH 12 and/or extended separation distances. These advances have helped us to gain an overview of the state of the proteome. In addition, immobilized pH gradients for zoom-in gels offer the optimum resolution and detection of minor components, as well as automated procedures.