A combined solar photocatalytic-biological field system for the mineralization of an industrial pollutant at pilot scale

A coupled solar photocatalytic-biological pilot plant system has been employed to enhance the biodegradability and complete mineralization of a biorecalcitrant industrial compound, α-methylphenylglycine, dissolved in distilled water and simulated seawater at 500 mg L−1. The pollutant was completely degraded by a solar photo-Fenton treatment in a 75-L pilot plant made up of four compound parabolic collector (CPC) units. The catalyst concentration employed was 2 and 20 mg L−1 of Fe2+ and the H2O2 concentration was kept in the range of 200–500 mg L−1. A Zahn–Wellens (Z–W) test applied to photo-treated samples demonstrated that intermediates produced within a short time of starting the photo-Fenton process were biodegradable. Consequently, the photocatalytic and biological processes were combined. Biodegradable compounds generated during the preliminary oxidative process were biologically mineralized in a 170-L aerobic immobilised biomass reactor (IBR), filled with 90–95 L propylene Pall® Ring supports colonized by activated sludge. Almost total mineralization (90% overall total organic carbon removed) was attained in the combined treatment system (for both distilled and seawater experiments). Moreover, nitrification and denitrification phenomena were also observed.