Author/Authors :
Wal-Mart، نويسنده , , the worldʹs largest retailer، نويسنده , , was named by Fortune as the “most admired company in America” for the years 2003 and 2004. However، نويسنده , , these and other accolades have not quieted a chorus of critics، نويسنده , , including organized labor، نويسنده , , feminists، نويسنده , , human rights activists، نويسنده , , environmentalists، نويسنده , , local businesses، نويسنده , , and antisprawl activists، نويسنده , , all of whom revile the retail giant for its business practices، نويسنده , , resulting in a growing negative consumer perception of Wal-Martʹs corporate citizenship. Wal-Mart has instituted a comprehensive nonmarket strategy to counter this criticism، نويسنده , , employing a proactive combination of social، نويسنده , , political، نويسنده , , and legal strategies to manage a contentious environment that could threaten its future growth and financial success.، نويسنده ,
Keywords :
Wal-Mart , Corporatecitizenship , Stakeholderstrategies , retail sales
