Extension of homogeneous anisotropic hardening model to cross-loading with latent effects

The homogeneous anisotropic hardening (HAH) approach, which captures the Bauschinger effect in metallic materials effectively during load reversal, was extended to cross-loading cases with latent hardening effects. This continuum approach is based on the physical understanding of dislocation structure evolution during strain path changes but does not include the concept of kinematic hardening. The model was well validated for a deep drawing quality sheet sample. However, for a dual-phase steel, differences between predicted and experimental results were observed and discussed. Based on these results, additional validation tests and further improvement in the approach were suggested.