Preparation of porcelain tiles from Egyptian raw materials

A porcelain tile recipe was prepared from Egyptian raw materials. Ground powders were mixed and dry pressed at forming pressures ranging from 35 to 55 MPa then fired at temperatures in the range 1200–1230 °C (±2 °C) for soaking periods up to 20 min. The results showed that using a forming pressure of 45 MPa, and firing at 1220 °C for 20 min gave a dense body having a water absorption of 0.1%. Other physico-mechanical characteristics were determined and were found to match specifications.