Composite wasteform based on SiO2–PbO–CaO–ZrO2–TiO2–(B2O3–K2O) parent glass with zircon as the second component

Many different types of glass and ceramic wasteforms have been investigated for nuclear waste immobilization. This study deals with synthesizing composite wasteforms based on a parent glass belonging to the SiO2–PbO–CaO–ZrO2–TiO2–(B2O3–K2O) system with the use of zircon as a second component. The fabrication involves powder mixing, pressing and pressureless sintering. The processing conditions were investigated so as to achieve the highest density and the best sintering temperature for different amounts of zircon, i.e. 5, 10 and 15 wt%. The sintered products were studied by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM); as well as ICP-MAS for leaching experiments. The most promising composite containing zirkelite and titanite crystals in a lead-rich glassy matrix was obtained at 700 °C for 10 wt% zircon.